Download latest list of registered domains for .HOW zone

3,481 registered domains — Last update: 04 Jul 2026

.HOW domain list file

Domain list for .HOW zone - full list of registered domain names for the zone

  • Daily updated data — last update: 04 Jul 2026
  • Total domains in the list: 3,481
  • File size: 14 kB
  • Download from website (with one mouse click!)
  • Download via simple HTTP REST API (automate!)

Sample data: Show

Contents

1. Quick Facts

Total Zone Volume
3,481
Registered domains
New Today
2
Registrations / 24h
Daily Churn
1
Expired domains / 24h

2. Daily Domain Statistics - Last 90 days

Date Total domains New Deleted
2026-07-04 3,481 + 2 - 1
2026-07-03 3,480 + 4 - 3
2026-07-02 3,479 + 1 - 1
2026-07-01 3,479 + 6 - 2
2026-06-30 3,475 + 2 - 2
2026-06-29 3,475 + 2 - 2
2026-06-28 3,475 + 7 - 2
2026-06-27 3,470 + 3 - 3
2026-06-26 3,470 + 24 - 1
2026-06-25 3,447 + 2 0
2026-06-24 3,445 + 1 - 1
2026-06-23 3,445 + 8 - 2
2026-06-22 3,439 + 4 - 3
2026-06-21 3,438 + 7 - 2
2026-06-20 3,433 + 8 - 1
2026-06-19 3,426 + 2 - 3
2026-06-18 3,427 + 1 - 6
2026-06-17 3,432 + 2 - 1
2026-06-16 3,431 + 6 - 2
2026-06-15 3,427 + 39 - 2
2026-06-14 3,390 + 7 - 7
2026-06-13 3,390 0 0
2026-06-12 3,390 0 0
2026-06-11 3,390 + 6 - 2
2026-06-10 3,386 + 2 - 1
2026-06-09 3,385 0 - 2
2026-06-08 3,387 + 4 - 3
2026-06-07 3,386 0 0
2026-06-06 3,386 + 3 0
2026-06-05 3,383 + 11 - 6
2026-06-04 3,378 + 4 - 6
2026-06-03 3,380 + 7 - 1
2026-06-02 3,374 + 4 - 2
2026-06-01 3,372 + 5 - 3
2026-05-31 3,370 + 8 - 4
2026-05-30 3,366 + 5 - 3
2026-05-29 3,364 + 5 - 3
2026-05-28 3,362 + 7 0
2026-05-27 3,355 0 0
2026-05-26 3,355 + 3 - 5
2026-05-25 3,357 + 2 - 2
2026-05-24 3,357 + 4 - 6
2026-05-23 3,359 0 0
2026-05-22 3,359 + 1 0
2026-05-21 3,358 + 6 - 6
2026-05-20 3,358 0 0
2026-05-19 3,358 + 2 - 4
2026-05-18 3,360 + 4 - 6
2026-05-17 3,362 + 3 - 3
2026-05-16 3,362 + 3 - 5
2026-05-15 3,364 + 3 - 1
2026-05-14 3,362 + 3 - 5
2026-05-13 3,364 + 2 - 4
2026-05-12 3,366 + 1 0
2026-05-11 3,365 + 1 - 5
2026-05-10 3,369 + 4 - 1
2026-05-09 3,366 + 7 - 4
2026-05-08 3,363 + 1 - 1
2026-05-07 3,363 + 4 - 10
2026-05-06 3,369 + 3 - 3
2026-05-05 3,369 + 18 - 17
2026-05-04 3,368 0 0
2026-05-03 3,368 0 0
2026-05-02 3,368 0 0
2026-05-01 3,368 0 0
2026-04-30 3,368 0 0
2026-04-29 3,368 0 0
2026-04-28 3,368 0 0
2026-04-27 3,368 + 4 - 6
2026-04-26 3,370 + 2 0
2026-04-25 3,368 + 3 - 3
2026-04-24 3,368 + 3 - 2
2026-04-23 3,367 + 1 0
2026-04-22 3,366 + 10 - 5
2026-04-21 3,361 + 3 - 2
2026-04-20 3,360 + 5 - 1
2026-04-19 3,356 + 3 - 2
2026-04-18 3,355 + 1 0
2026-04-17 3,354 + 7 - 1
2026-04-16 3,348 + 5 - 8
2026-04-15 3,351 + 4 - 2
2026-04-14 3,349 + 2 0
2026-04-13 3,347 + 3 - 3
2026-04-12 3,347 + 2 - 1
2026-04-11 3,346 + 7 - 3
2026-04-10 3,342 + 2 - 1
2026-04-09 3,341 + 5 - 3
2026-04-08 3,339 + 3 - 3
2026-04-07 3,339 + 8 - 3
2026-04-06 3,334 0 0
2026-04-05 3,334 0 - 1

3. Zone Details: .how

The .how top-level domain is intended for websites and pages that provide instructional content: step-by-step guides, tutorials, recipes, FAQs, and troubleshooting articles. Typical users include independent creators, educators, product teams, technical writers, and customer support organizations aiming to present tasks and solutions clearly.

As a branding tool, .how immediately communicates that a site’s primary purpose is to teach or solve problems, which can improve user expectations and clarity in search results or shared links. It works well alongside existing domains or as a focused hub for knowledge bases, training portals, and maker projects without long subdirectory structures.

Organizations choose .how when they want concise, action-focused URLs that emphasize utility and accessibility. It’s often selected when names are unavailable under general-purpose TLDs or when explicit instructional intent strengthens navigation and user trust. Consider registration availability, consistency with broader branding, and how the domain will be integrated into SEO and support workflows.

Related zones:

Zone Name how
Zone Type gTLD
Assigned by IANA YES
Public registrations allowed YES
WHOIS Server
RDAP Server https://pubapi.registry.google/rdap/
Managing Organization Charleston Road Registry Inc.
Organization Address 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
Mountain View CA 94043
United States of America (the)

4. Historical Domain Lists for .how zone

Access the archive of historical .HOW domain lists and analyze how domains in the .HOW namespace have evolved over time. Historical domain data helps researchers and engineers study domain growth, DNS infrastructure changes, and long-term internet trends.

Date Domains File Size Download
2026-07-04 3,481 14 kB Download
2026-07-03 3,480 14 kB Download
2026-07-02 3,479 14 kB Download
2026-07-01 3,479 14 kB Download
2026-06-30 3,475 14 kB Download
2026-06-29 3,475 14 kB Download
2026-06-28 3,475 14 kB Download
2026-06-27 3,470 14 kB Download
2026-06-26 3,470 14 kB Download
2026-06-25 3,447 14 kB Download
2026-06-24 3,445 14 kB Download
2026-06-23 3,445 14 kB Download
2026-06-22 3,439 14 kB Download
2026-06-21 3,438 14 kB Download
2026-06-20 3,433 14 kB Download
2026-06-19 3,426 14 kB Download
2026-06-18 3,427 14 kB Download
2026-06-17 3,432 14 kB Download
2026-06-16 3,431 14 kB Download
2026-06-15 3,427 14 kB Download
2026-06-14 3,390 14 kB Download
2026-06-13 3,390 14 kB Download
2026-06-12 3,390 14 kB Download
2026-06-11 3,390 14 kB Download
2026-06-10 3,386 14 kB Download
2026-06-09 3,385 14 kB Download
2026-06-08 3,387 14 kB Download
2026-06-07 3,386 14 kB Download
2026-06-06 3,386 14 kB Download
2026-06-05 3,383 14 kB Download
2026-06-04 3,378 14 kB Download
2026-06-03 3,380 14 kB Download
2026-06-02 3,374 14 kB Download
2026-06-01 3,372 14 kB Download
2026-05-31 3,370 14 kB Download
2026-05-30 3,366 14 kB Download
2026-05-29 3,364 14 kB Download
2026-05-28 3,362 14 kB Download
2026-05-27 3,355 14 kB Download
2026-05-26 3,355 14 kB Download
2026-05-25 3,357 14 kB Download
2026-05-24 3,357 14 kB Download
2026-05-23 3,359 14 kB Download
2026-05-22 3,359 14 kB Download
2026-05-21 3,358 14 kB Download
2026-05-20 3,358 14 kB Download
2026-05-19 3,358 14 kB Download
2026-05-18 3,360 14 kB Download
2026-05-17 3,362 14 kB Download
2026-05-16 3,362 14 kB Download
2026-05-15 3,364 14 kB Download
2026-05-14 3,362 14 kB Download
2026-05-13 3,364 14 kB Download
2026-05-12 3,366 14 kB Download
2026-05-11 3,365 14 kB Download
2026-05-10 3,369 14 kB Download
2026-05-09 3,366 14 kB Download
2026-05-08 3,363 14 kB Download
2026-05-07 3,363 14 kB Download
2026-05-06 3,369 14 kB Download
2026-05-05 3,369 14 kB Download
2026-05-04 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-05-03 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-05-02 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-05-01 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-04-30 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-04-29 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-04-28 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-04-27 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-04-26 3,370 14 kB Download
2026-04-25 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-04-24 3,368 14 kB Download
2026-04-23 3,367 14 kB Download
2026-04-22 3,366 14 kB Download
2026-04-21 3,361 14 kB Download
2026-04-20 3,360 14 kB Download
2026-04-19 3,356 14 kB Download
2026-04-18 3,355 14 kB Download
2026-04-17 3,354 14 kB Download
2026-04-16 3,348 14 kB Download
2026-04-15 3,351 14 kB Download
2026-04-14 3,349 14 kB Download
2026-04-13 3,347 14 kB Download
2026-04-12 3,347 14 kB Download
2026-04-11 3,346 14 kB Download
2026-04-10 3,342 14 kB Download
2026-04-09 3,341 14 kB Download
2026-04-08 3,339 14 kB Download
2026-04-07 3,339 14 kB Download
2026-04-06 3,334 14 kB Download
2026-04-05 3,334 14 kB Download
2026-04-04 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-04-03 3,339 14 kB Download
2026-04-02 3,336 14 kB Download
2026-04-01 3,334 14 kB Download
2026-03-31 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-03-30 3,332 14 kB Download
2026-03-29 3,338 14 kB Download
2026-03-28 3,338 14 kB Download
2026-03-27 3,336 14 kB Download
2026-03-26 3,333 14 kB Download
2026-03-25 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-03-24 3,334 14 kB Download
2026-03-23 3,340 14 kB Download
2026-03-22 3,340 14 kB Download
2026-03-21 3,340 14 kB Download
2026-03-20 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-03-19 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-03-18 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-03-17 3,333 14 kB Download
2026-03-16 3,328 14 kB Download
2026-03-15 3,325 14 kB Download
2026-03-14 3,323 14 kB Download
2026-03-13 3,322 14 kB Download
2026-03-12 3,325 14 kB Download
2026-03-11 3,327 14 kB Download
2026-03-10 3,332 14 kB Download
2026-03-09 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-03-08 3,332 14 kB Download
2026-03-07 3,333 14 kB Download
2026-03-06 3,329 14 kB Download
2026-03-05 3,329 14 kB Download
2026-03-04 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-03-03 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-03-02 3,336 14 kB Download
2026-03-01 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-02-28 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-02-27 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-02-26 3,333 14 kB Download
2026-02-25 3,341 14 kB Download
2026-02-24 3,341 14 kB Download
2026-02-23 3,342 14 kB Download
2026-02-22 3,341 14 kB Download
2026-02-21 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-02-20 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-02-19 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-02-18 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-02-17 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-02-16 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-02-15 3,338 14 kB Download
2026-02-14 3,338 14 kB Download
2026-02-13 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-02-12 3,334 14 kB Download
2026-02-11 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-02-10 3,337 14 kB Download
2026-02-09 3,335 14 kB Download
2026-02-08 3,333 14 kB Download
2026-02-07 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-02-06 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-02-05 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-02-04 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-02-03 3,331 14 kB Download
2026-02-02 3,330 14 kB Download
2026-02-01 3,329 14 kB Download
2026-01-31 3,327 14 kB Download
2026-01-30 3,325 14 kB Download
2026-01-29 3,324 14 kB Download
2026-01-28 3,324 14 kB Download
2026-01-27 3,325 14 kB Download
2026-01-26 3,324 14 kB Download
2026-01-25 3,324 14 kB Download
2026-01-24 3,326 14 kB Download
2026-01-23 3,323 14 kB Download
2026-01-22 3,325 14 kB Download
2026-01-21 3,325 14 kB Download
2026-01-20 3,324 14 kB Download
2026-01-19 3,321 14 kB Download
2026-01-18 3,323 14 kB Download
2026-01-17 3,323 14 kB Download
2026-01-16 3,323 14 kB Download
2026-01-15 3,322 14 kB Download
2026-01-14 3,324 14 kB Download
2026-01-13 3,320 14 kB Download
2026-01-12 3,321 14 kB Download
2026-01-11 3,325 14 kB Download
2026-01-10 3,322 14 kB Download
2026-01-09 3,318 14 kB Download
2026-01-08 3,316 14 kB Download
2026-01-07 3,312 14 kB Download
2026-01-06 3,310 14 kB Download
2026-01-05 3,311 14 kB Download
2026-01-04 3,309 14 kB Download
2026-01-03 3,310 14 kB Download
2026-01-02 3,312 14 kB Download
2026-01-01 3,309 14 kB Download
2025-12-31 3,311 14 kB Download
2025-12-30 3,314 14 kB Download
2025-12-29 3,314 14 kB Download
2025-12-28 3,314 14 kB Download
2025-12-27 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-26 3,314 14 kB Download
2025-12-25 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-24 3,311 14 kB Download
2025-12-23 3,304 14 kB Download
2025-12-22 3,305 14 kB Download
2025-12-21 3,305 14 kB Download
2025-12-20 3,303 14 kB Download
2025-12-19 3,305 14 kB Download
2025-12-18 3,307 14 kB Download
2025-12-17 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-16 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-15 3,312 14 kB Download
2025-12-14 3,311 14 kB Download
2025-12-13 3,309 14 kB Download
2025-12-12 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-11 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-10 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-09 3,309 14 kB Download
2025-12-08 3,309 14 kB Download
2025-12-07 3,309 14 kB Download
2025-12-06 3,308 14 kB Download
2025-12-05 3,306 14 kB Download
2025-12-04 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-12-03 3,314 14 kB Download
2025-12-02 3,313 14 kB Download
2025-12-01 3,311 14 kB Download
2025-11-30 3,308 14 kB Download
2025-11-29 3,308 14 kB Download
2025-11-28 3,307 14 kB Download
2025-11-27 3,306 14 kB Download
2025-11-26 3,306 14 kB Download
2025-11-25 3,306 14 kB Download
2025-11-24 3,314 14 kB Download
2025-11-23 3,316 14 kB Download
2025-11-22 3,317 14 kB Download
2025-11-21 3,312 14 kB Download
2025-11-20 3,312 14 kB Download
2025-11-19 3,313 14 kB Download
2025-11-18 3,312 14 kB Download
2025-11-17 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-11-16 3,309 14 kB Download
2025-11-15 3,306 14 kB Download
2025-11-14 3,304 14 kB Download
2025-11-13 3,305 14 kB Download
2025-11-12 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-11-11 3,311 14 kB Download
2025-11-10 3,309 14 kB Download
2025-11-09 3,311 14 kB Download
2025-11-08 3,310 14 kB Download
2025-11-07 3,299 14 kB Download
2025-11-06 3,299 14 kB Download
2025-11-05 3,297 13 kB Download
2025-11-04 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-11-03 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-11-02 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-11-01 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-10-31 3,294 13 kB Download
2025-10-30 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-10-29 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-10-28 3,290 13 kB Download
2025-10-27 3,288 13 kB Download
2025-10-26 3,289 13 kB Download
2025-10-25 3,291 13 kB Download
2025-10-24 3,296 14 kB Download
2025-10-23 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-10-22 3,299 14 kB Download
2025-10-21 3,298 13 kB Download
2025-10-20 3,297 13 kB Download
2025-10-19 3,298 14 kB Download
2025-10-18 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-10-17 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-10-16 3,297 13 kB Download
2025-10-15 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-10-14 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-10-13 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-10-12 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-10-11 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-10-10 3,298 13 kB Download
2025-10-09 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-10-08 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-10-07 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-10-06 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-10-05 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-10-04 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-10-03 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-10-02 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-10-01 3,298 13 kB Download
2025-09-30 3,298 13 kB Download
2025-09-29 3,297 13 kB Download
2025-09-28 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-09-27 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-09-26 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-09-25 3,297 13 kB Download
2025-09-24 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-09-23 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-09-22 3,290 13 kB Download
2025-09-21 3,290 13 kB Download
2025-09-20 3,288 13 kB Download
2025-09-19 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-09-18 3,291 13 kB Download
2025-09-17 3,291 13 kB Download
2025-09-16 3,291 13 kB Download
2025-09-15 3,290 13 kB Download
2025-09-14 3,287 13 kB Download
2025-09-13 3,288 13 kB Download
2025-09-12 3,288 13 kB Download
2025-09-11 3,288 13 kB Download
2025-09-10 3,287 13 kB Download
2025-09-09 3,287 13 kB Download
2025-09-08 3,286 13 kB Download
2025-09-07 3,284 13 kB Download
2025-09-06 3,285 13 kB Download
2025-09-05 3,285 13 kB Download
2025-09-04 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-09-03 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-09-02 3,295 13 kB Download
2025-09-01 3,296 13 kB Download
2025-08-31 3,294 13 kB Download
2025-08-30 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-08-29 3,293 13 kB Download
2025-08-28 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-08-27 3,292 13 kB Download
2025-08-26 3,291 13 kB Download
2025-08-25 3,297 13 kB Download
2025-08-24 3,298 13 kB Download
2025-08-23 3,298 14 kB Download
2025-08-22 3,304 14 kB Download
2025-08-21 3,305 14 kB Download
2025-08-20 3,308 14 kB Download
2025-08-19 3,311 14 kB Download
2025-08-18 3,322 14 kB Download
2025-08-17 3,325 14 kB Download
2025-08-16 3,329 14 kB Download
2025-08-15 3,326 14 kB Download
2025-08-14 3,322 14 kB Download
2025-08-13 3,326 14 kB Download
2025-08-12 3,329 14 kB Download
2025-08-11 3,331 14 kB Download
2025-08-10 3,332 14 kB Download
2025-08-09 3,334 14 kB Download
2025-08-08 3,334 14 kB Download
2025-08-07 3,336 14 kB Download
2025-08-06 3,335 14 kB Download
2025-08-05 3,336 14 kB Download
2025-08-04 3,336 14 kB Download
2025-08-03 3,336 14 kB Download
2025-08-02 3,353 14 kB Download
2025-08-01 3,353 14 kB Download
2025-07-31 3,354 14 kB Download
2025-07-30 3,352 14 kB Download
2025-07-29 3,354 14 kB Download
2025-07-28 3,355 14 kB Download
2025-07-27 3,355 14 kB Download
2025-07-26 3,356 14 kB Download
2025-07-25 3,358 14 kB Download
2025-07-24 3,358 14 kB Download
2025-07-23 3,358 14 kB Download
2025-07-22 3,359 14 kB Download
2025-07-21 3,360 14 kB Download
2025-07-20 3,359 14 kB Download
2025-07-19 3,358 14 kB Download
2025-07-18 3,359 14 kB Download
2025-07-17 3,358 14 kB Download
2025-07-16 3,362 14 kB Download
2025-07-14 3,367 14 kB Download
2025-07-13 3,371 14 kB Download
2025-07-12 3,371 14 kB Download
2025-07-11 3,370 14 kB Download
2025-07-10 3,369 14 kB Download
2025-07-09 3,369 14 kB Download
2025-07-08 3,368 14 kB Download
2025-07-07 3,370 14 kB Download
2025-07-06 3,371 14 kB Download
2025-07-05 3,374 14 kB Download
2025-07-04 3,372 14 kB Download
2025-07-03 3,372 14 kB Download
2025-07-02 3,373 14 kB Download
2025-07-01 3,372 14 kB Download
2025-06-30 3,374 14 kB Download
2025-06-29 3,372 14 kB Download
2025-06-28 3,387 14 kB Download
2025-06-27 3,385 14 kB Download
2025-06-26 3,383 14 kB Download
2025-06-25 3,382 14 kB Download
2025-06-24 3,384 14 kB Download
2025-06-23 3,382 14 kB Download
2025-06-22 3,382 14 kB Download

5. Download latest .how domain list via API

import axios from 'axios';
import fs from 'fs';
import { pipeline } from 'stream/promises';

const response = await axios({
  method: 'GET',
  url: 'https://allzonefiles.io/api/v1/zones/how/dl',
  responseType: 'stream',
  headers: {
    // Replace with your API key
    'Authorization': 'Bearer allzfio_5c1572d016b846ce99ce7a177922ff21'
  }
});

await pipeline(response.data, fs.createWriteStream('how.txt.gz'));

console.log('Download complete!');
package main

import (
    "io"
    "net/http"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    url := "https://allzonefiles.io/api/v1/zones/how/dl"
    file, _ := os.Create("how.txt.gz")
    defer out.Close()

    req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
    // Replace with your API key
    req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer allzfio_5c1572d016b846ce99ce7a177922ff21")

    resp, _ := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    io.Copy(out, resp.Body)
}
import requests

url = "https://allzonefiles.io/api/v1/zones/how/dl"
# Replace with your API key
headers = {"Authorization": "Bearer allzfio_5c1572d016b846ce99ce7a177922ff21"}

with requests.get(url, headers=headers, stream=True) as r:
    r.raise_for_status()
    with open("how.txt.gz", "wb") as f:
        for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=128*1024):
            f.write(chunk)
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class FileDownloader {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        URL url = new URL("https://allzonefiles.io/api/v1/zones/how/dl");
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
        // Replace with your API key
        connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer allzfio_5c1572d016b846ce99ce7a177922ff21");

        try (InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
             FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("how.txt.gz")) {

            byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
            int bytesRead;
            while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
            }
        }

        System.out.println("Download complete!");
    }
}